(Pinyin: Yù bàng xiāng zhēng, yú wēng dé lì)

The chineze proverb has also an english version

 “When the snipe and the clam quarrel, the fisherman benefits” but the most encountered is “When two dogs fight for a bone, a third runs away with it.

Present

History

U.S. Railway Companies(private vs. state-supported)

YearHow ManyRailway Mileage (km)Private (%)State-Supported (%)
18303–5~37~100%~0%
1840~50~4,800~95%~5%
1850~100~14,500~90%~10%
1860~400~48,000~92–95%~5–8%
1870~500~85,000~90%~10%
1890>1,000~267,000~95%~5%
1916~1,500~409,000~97%~3%

No fully state-owned railways in the U.S. (unlike Europe).

“State-supported” meant loans, guarantees, or land grants — not direct state ownership.

Robert Fogel – Economist laureat cu Nobel.
Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History (1964)

Albro Martin

Enterprise Denied: Origins of the Decline of American Railroads, 1897-1917 (1971)

Future?